CBSE Class 11 :2D Motion CIRCULAR MOTION Gist Of the topic and Notes

Circular motion is another example of motion in two dimensions. To create circular motion in a body it must be given some initial velocity and a force must then act on the body which is always directed at right angles to instantaneous velocity. Since this force is always at right angles to the displacement due to the initial velocity therefore no work is done by the force on the particle. Hence, its kinetic energy and thus speed is unaffected. But due to simultaneous action of the force and the velocity the particle follows resultant path, which in this case is a circle. Circular motion can be classified into two types – Uniform circular motion and non-uniform circular motion . 

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Variables of Circular Motion.

 

 describing an angle q during time t (as shown in the figure) from the position

 A to the position B, we see that the magnitude of the position vector 

(that is equal to the radius of the circle) remains constant. i.e., 

and the direction of the position vector changes from time to time.

(i) Displacement : The change of position vector or the displacement 

of the particle from position A to the position B is given by referring the figure.

Þ     

Putting  we obtain

Þ 

      

(ii) Distance : The distanced covered by the particle during the time t is given as

                d = length of the arc AB = r q

(iii) Ratio of distance and displacement : 

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